Fuel saver and smoke consumer



sept. 16, 1924. 1,508,539 l. s. BENJAMIN ET AL 'y man SAVER Am) SMOKE consumen FiledlFeb. 25, 1924 -2 sheets-sheet 1 MII atroz/Ms l Sept.

1,508,539 l. s. BENJAMIN ET AL.

FUEL 'SAVER AND SMOKE CONSUMER Fn Feb. 25. 1924 2 Sheets-Shee 2 3f,V IIIIII' 37 V//// yf (T une nffo'ts gdm KM W W Mib/'WM Patented Sept. 16, 1924.

` UNITED'STATES IRvING s. BENJAMINZAND JOHN K. MARKWICK or UNICA, 'NNWl YoR'K.; SAI'Df asustan. PATENT oFFlc-ergg MARKWICK ASSIGNOR 'ro SAID BENJAMIN.

FUEL. SAVER AND SMOKE CONSUMER. j

Application led February 25, 1924. vSerial No. 694,960.. i

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that we, IRVING.r S. BENJAMIN and JOHN K. MARKWICK, citizens ofthe United States, and residents of Utica, in the county'of Oneida and State of New York, have invented certain new and Vuseful Improvements in Fuel Savers and Smoke Consumers; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the reference numerals markedthereon, which form part of this specication.

Our present invention relates to a fuel saver andl smoke consumer of the type adapted .to be applied to a furnace or stove door and loperating to admit heated air to the combustion chamber of the furnace.

Y The main object of our invention is to provide a device of the characterl described, which is simple and strong Iin construction, readily applied to the ordinary furnace door and well ladapted to provide an adequate supply .of thoroughly preheated air.

A further object is to provide a device of the character described, where the air lis heated not only by being carried through heated chambers in the device; but-isalso heated by being mixed with a current of hot gas temporarily drawn into the device from the combustion chamber of the furnace.

Another object of our invention isyto prot vide a vdevice wheretheheater .proper is" readily adjusted relative to the supporter mounting piece upon the furnace door, so that the device may be readily adjusted to different vmakes and sizes of furnaces and still be efficient in use. t i

Another` purpose-,ofthe invention isto f provide la preheater of such special arrangementrconstruction and combination of its parts that a constant and sufficient current of air will be thoroughly heated and so that a current of heated gas will be takeny into theV device from the combustion chamber;

and thoroughly mixed with incoming part,-4 ly heated air and thereafterl such mixture will be further Uheated and Ythen ejected into they combustion chamber.

Still anotherobject of ourinvention isy to provide a preheaten of the clas'svdescribed where theheater proper is provided 'witha passage for` the admission andfpartial heat.-A i ingofthe air, a separate passage for the` admission of gases from thefurnace, a mixing chamber for said air and-gas and another passageway for the further heating` of said mixture and still to have said heater of such construction thatit may be formed in pracf tice asa single strongv castingA well adapted to stand the extremes of temperature to which it is subjected. j l v The purpose of our invention is to provide adevice of the character described, which is adapted to be applied broadly to heaters, furnaces, hot water heaters, heating boilers, stoves and any combinations of heaters broadly, and it will be understood` especially lthat references in this description to the application of the deviceto an0rdi. nary furnace door is meant as simplyih lustrative of one application of thedevice.- Further purposes and advantages ofour invention will appear vfrom the tions and claims herein.

Fig..l-is a topview of fuel savervand smoke consumer embodyirfgl' our invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical central sectionof thev mounting piece of the device applied` toj a furnace door and with the heater' .element proper shown in side elevation.kr i Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view. through the heatermember on line 3 3 of 2, so as to' show' the chambers ofthe upper levelof said heater member. i

Fig. lis al horizontal sectional t said heater memberon line 4 4 of Fig; 12 so as to show the chambers in the lowerl level in said heater member.

Figs.. 5,6` and 7 arefvertical longitudinal sectional viewsgof said heater. member on tice comprises two members, namelyasupport or mounting piece l() and the heatingy member proper 11. 4

The support or mounting u t sists of a hollow tubular part l2, preferably rectangular in cross-section'v and` 'receivingat its inner end` in`v sliding relation a the shank or outer end 13 of the heatermember '11. At its outer end the "suipport` lOis` prosvided with` a plate ltl wider and higher `than the tube l2, soas to Coverall'of the air yadi hitting slots'l5 .in thexfurn-ace v'door ltis plate is spaced a short. detalles.

specifica?VI v soy lines 5-5, 6-G and 7,-7 respectively ofV 95` As already suggestedVour ldevice in prac-g the furnace door 16 by an outwardly extending flange on all edges of the plate 14, so as to form a shallow box upon the inner side of the furnace door to guide air from all ofv the slots 15 to the cavity of the tube 12.

The support or mounting piece is readily and securely fastened to the ordinary furnace door 16 by means of a bolt 18 extending outwardly through a web conveniently formed in line with the plate14 within the tube 12, the shank of which bolt extends outwardly through the most central 'air admitting slot 15 of the door 16 and is provided with a nut 2O on its outer end. At the inner side of the nut is preferably placed a washer 21, which in turn bears against a clip 22 placed against the outer surface of the door 16. It will be understood that the clip 2O has a longitudinally extending slot 23 to allow of a considerable range of adjustment of the parts. Preferably there is formed an inwardly extending lug 24 adapted to rest against the material of the door at the bottom of the slot 15 and so positively hold in proper upward position said clip 22 and therewith the mounting piece 10. lt will be understood that the web 19 comes down only part way through the opening in the tube 12 and not enough to reduce the air inlet through said mounting piece below desired capacity.

The heating member 12 consists of the substantially rectangular shank 13 adapted to beslidingly mounted inand supported by the mounting piece 10 and thehead 25 of general circular format the inner end of said shank. ln the main said heater member 11 is formed into chambers in what for con venience we have called the upper level and the lower level, the upper level being formed by .the top 26 and the middle horizontal partition 27 and the lower level chambers being formed by said middle horizontal partition 27 andthe bottom 28 of said heating member.

. The lower level of said heater member 11 at its outer end is formed with a port 29, from which extends forwardly the air heating passage 30. lThe outer end 30a Iof this first air heating passage is funnel shaped in horizontal crossesection as appears from Fig. 4, said funnel shaped formation beino made by the diagonal partition 30h.

In the inner portion of its bottom portion 28 the headis provided with a port 31 for the` admission 'of' heated gases passing upwardly from the combustion chamber of the furnace. Extending from immediately above this port 31 is a rearwardly extending passageway 32vforme`d by the intermediate vertical walls 33 and 34 with the forward ends of said walls joined by a connecting wall 35. llt will be understood that the bottom 'ofthis passageway 32 is formed by the Lacasse bottom 28 of the heater member and that the top of said passageway is formed by the horizontal intermediate partition 27. rlhe walls 33 and 35 and 34 are spaced away from the exterior wall of the heating member forming respectively the forwardly extending air heating passage 30 already mentioned and the rearwardly extending air heating passage 36 on the other side of said heating member with a connection between the forward ends of said air passage 30 and 36 at the extreme forward end of the head. The outer end of the wall 34 does not reach to the diagonal partition 31, so that both the gas heating passageway 32 and the rearward air heating passageway 36 lead into the mixing chamber 37.

' rlhis mixing chamber is, as it were, two stories high; that is it extends through both the lower level and the upper level of the device, by reason of the horizontal partition 27 being cut away for the extent of this mixing chamber, as will be seen by reference more particularly to Figs.` 3, 4, 6 and 7. As the mixing chamber 37 passes into the upper level it is enlarged from the triangular shape shown in 4 to occupy the whole width of the outer end of the upper level as shown more particularly in Figs. 3, 5, 6 and 7. From the upper portion of this mixing chamber 37, the partially heated mixture of air and hot gases pass forward through passageways 38 and 39 on opposite sides of the shank portion of said heater member into the large circular chamber 40 in the upper level of the head 25. From this chamber the port 41 leads from the inner side of said chamber and the inner end of said heater member out into the combustion chamber of the furnace.

The inner sides of the passageways 38 and 39 are formed by the side walls 42 and 43 respectively of a well 44 formed in the upper level of the shank 13 next to the head 25, said welly being completed by its two end walls 45 and 46 respectively. The purpose of this'well is to form a division between the kforwardly extending mixture passages 38 and 39 and as a whole to form a baiiie to prevent the mixture of partly heated air and hot gases from passing out from the heater element too rapidly.

lt will be noted that on the lower level 'he incoming air is subjected to the action of the heated walls of the long circuitous {mssageways 3G and 36 with the inside walls 34 and 35 further heated bythe passage I\herethrough of vthe hot gases from the furnace. After the incoming air and hot gases are rmixed however, in the mixing chamber 37, said mixing chamber is enlarged and then ample space is provided for the forward passing of the mixture through the two forwardly extending passageways 38 andr '39. lin the circular chamber 40 in theupper" level of the head,

. chamber of the furnace. Preferably the top of the head will slant downwardly as said head extends inwardly as shown particularly in Figs. 5, 6 and'7, so as to! allow the heat from the top to furtherheat the air therebeneat-h.

In practice when the heating member ll isl formed by casting, there is left an aperture el? in the diagonal partition 3ly in order to clear the casting of the material used in the core. after the casting has been cleared. the aperture l? is lfilledfup with cement 4.7.@ oifotlier durable heat resisting iriaferial.`

lV'ith this slight exception, the whole heating member proper il is formed as a single cast-ing, exactly as it will be ultimately used. Being4 a single casting but `withcloselyv connected webs and walls, it is` economical, of great strength and durability and particularly well adapted tof` absorb a great amount ofheat from the combustion chamber and, pass the same on to the air passing through the various passageways of the heater member. The heater member being all of one casting is free from any tendency to warp or have its partitions separate and leak as is the case in devices of this character formed out of a plurality of pieces of metal fastened together.

It will be seen that the" heater member proper ll may be readily adjusted to and held at the proper position relative to the combustion chamber including the fuel feed aperture by means of the shank portion 13 of said heater member being adjusted in the tubular part l2 of the supporting piece l() and held in suoli desired position by the bolt 4:8.

llhere a furnace is relatively small or where other conditions of the furnace or its method of installation are such that under practically no circumstances will the full capacity of the air passing capacity of our fuel saving device be required, the amount of fresh air admitted through the device may be readily and permanently reduced by reducing the cross area. of the passage 30. This may be easily done by placing a partial filling 49 of cement or other material at .the outer end of the parallel portion of the passage 30, as shown particularly in Figs. l and 5.

It will be seen that the incoming current of cold air passing on the bottom level of the heater device through the opposite ways and 36 and the connection thereof at the eXtreme inner end of the head constantly tends to keep at a lower temperature the whole device and particularly the lower part thereof, which is exposed to the greatest heat.

' smoke.

In other words, while the incoming air `is* being heated, it' in turn tends to keep down the temperature of the heating" member 11b` and so prevents said member from. being burned outI or injuriously affected by the high temperature to which it is subjected 'in the combustion chamber. a

By experience and'v by actual 'use 'of' our device, we have found that it eliminates the coal gas by consuming the same and thereby more fully utilizes all the possible heat of the fuel. of fuel amounts to about'thiity per cent,`or

produces a corresponding increase of heat from a given amoufnt of coal or' wood fuel;

The use of this device in most boilers or other heating apparatus practicallyeliminates the escape of coal gas'intfotihe house or efficiently that a saving is effectedA not only in the' amount of fuel used butitf appreciably reduces the labor oftendingf tothe.

heater and removing the ashes.` The coal" is more thoroughly and evenly consumed resulting vin the elimination of sifting the ashes and reducing the amount of ashes to be handled.

l/Vhat we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. In a fuel saver and smoke consumer the combination of a hollow tubular mounting having its outer end adapted to be lsecured to the inside of the furnace fuel door and a heater member having its outer end secured to the inner end of said mounting with its inner end adapted to project into the coinbustion chamber of the furnace, said heater` member having near its inner end an open-v outer end of said heater member, a mixingl chamber at the junction of said gas and air passageways and a mixture passage leading inwardly and discharging into said combustion chamber through a port in the inner end of said heater member.

2. In a fuel saver and smoke consumer the combination of a hollow tubular mounting having its outer end enlarged to cover the door slits and adapted to be secured tothe insideof the furnace fuel door and a heater member having its outer end secured to the inner end of said mounting withv its inner end adapted to project into the combustion chamber of the furnace, said heater niember having near its inner end an opening for the admission of hot gases and a pas- In most installations, the saving The fuel is burned so much more ico sageway leading rearwardly therefrom an air inletpassage leading from the outer end of said heater member forwardly around said gas passageway and back, nearly to the outer end of said .heater member, a mixing chamber at the junction of said gas and air passageways and a mixture passage leading inwardly and discharging into said combustion chamber through a port in the inner end of said heater member.

In a fuel saver and smoke consumer, the combination of a hollow tubular mounting having its outer end adapted to be secured to the inside of the furnace fuel door and a heatermember having its outer end slidingly secured to the inner end of said mounting with its innerend adapted to project into the combustion chamber of the furnace, said heater member having near its inner end an opening for the admission of hot gases and a passageway leading rearwardly therefrom an air inlet passage leading from the outer end of said heater mem ber forwardly around said gas passageway and back, nearly to the outer end of said heater member, a mixing chamber at the junction of said gas and air passageways and a mixture passage leading inwardly and discharging intoysaid combustion chamber through a port inalthe inner end of said heater member.

4. In a fuel saver and smoke consumer, the combination of a hollow tubular mounting having its outer end adapted to be scoured to the inside of the furnace fuel door and a heater member having its outer end secured to the inner end of said mounting with its inner end adapted to project into the combustion chamber of the furnace, said heater member having near its inner end an opening for the admission of hot gases and a passageway leading rearwardly therefrom on the lower level, an air inlet passage leading from the outer end of said heater member forwardly around said gas passageway and back, nearly to the outer end of said heater member, a mixing chamber at the junction of said gas and air passageways and a mixture passage leading inwardly on the upper level and discharging into said combustion chamber through a port in the inner end of said heater member.

In witness whereof we have affixed our signatures, this 2nd day of February, 1921i.

IRVING S. BENJAMIN. JOHN K. MARK/VlCK. 

